The mucous membrane of the nose is a very important structure, which is responsible for cleaning, temperature heating of the incoming air into the nose and moisturizing it. Also, this shell is the first to suffer from various infectious and bacterial lesions of the respiratory system. Consider in more detail the symptoms of inflammation of the nasal mucosa and methods of treating this condition.
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: causes
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa can provoke infectious and non-infectious factors.
Infectious inflammation occurs in such cases:
1. With viral damage. This is the most common cause of inflammation of the nasal mucosa.
2. With a bacterial lesion that develops due to the ingestion of various pathogenic bacteria into the nasal cavity.
3. With a fungal infection that may occur during the development of fungi such as mycoplasma, candida, etc.
Non-infectious causes of the development of inflammation of the nasal mucosa can be:
1. Injuries to the nasal mucosa.
2. Ingestion of foreign objects in the nose.
3. Surgery in the nose.
4. Disorders in the nerve fibers that are responsible for the function of the nose.
5. Pathological dryness in the nose.
6. Strong nervous overstrain and frequent crying.
7. Allergic reactions that provoked inflammation of the nasal mucosa. In this case, a variety of objects (food, dust, fluff, plant pollen, animal hair, etc.) can act as allergens in this case.
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: symptoms and signs
The symptomatology of mucosal inflammation depends on the specific cause that caused the disease. Thus, with an allergic reaction, the following signs will appear in a person:
• sharp nasal congestion;
• tear;
• sore nose and throat;
• frequent attacks of sneezing;
• swelling of the face;
• the appearance of mucous transparent discharge from the nose;
• drowsiness;
• weakness;
• redness of the nasal mucosa (noticeable when examined by an ENT doctor).
Infectious damage to the nasal mucosa can manifest itself with the following symptoms:
1. An increase in body temperature.
2. Weakness and chills.
3. Migraine.
4. Drying of the mucosa.
5. Nose pain.
6. The appearance of green mucous discharge from the nose.
7. Pain in the ears.
8. Nasal congestion.
9. Burning in the nose.
Bacterial damage to the nasal mucosa is characterized by profuse discharge of purulent mucus from the nose, pain and nasal congestion.
With a trauma to the nasal cavity, a person may suffer from nosebleeds, nasal congestion, swelling of soft tissues on the face and headache.
It is important to know that one of the most dangerous symptoms in case of inflammation of the nasal mucosa is its congestion, since the body lacks oxygen. This in turn leads to starvation of the brain and can easily cause loss of consciousness, fainting, headaches and increased pressure.
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: treatment methods
Therapy for inflammation of the nasal mucosa is selected based on the specific cause, which caused the disease. Thus, there are three traditional directions of therapy:
• treatment for damage to the nasal mucosa by infection;
• therapy for an allergic reaction;
• treatment for injuries and bacterial damage to the nose.
Therapy for infectious lesions of the nasal mucosa has the following features:
1. First of all, it must be said that in this condition it is forbidden to use vasoconstrictive nasal drops and sprays, since such drugs will only relieve nasal congestion. They will not affect the course of the disease in any way and will not help relieve inflammation.
Moreover, it is important to know that you can use nasal congestion drops for no longer than five consecutive days, otherwise they will cause addiction, irritation of the mucosa and will further aggravate the process of inflammation of the nasal membrane.
2. In acute viral lesions of the nasal mucosa, the patient should be prescribed potent drugs (Derinat).
3. If the patient suffers from acute symptoms of inflammation and severe infection, he can be prescribed antibiotics (Isofra, Polydex).
Treatment for allergic lesions of the nasal mucosa involves the following:
1. The appointment of potent antihistamines (Levocabastine).
2. The use of disinfecting solutions for washing the nose based on sea water.
3. Consumption of large amounts of fluid.
4. Nasal lavage with hypotonic solutions for leaching mucus.
5. Humidification of the air when the nasal mucosa dries.
6. Elimination of the focus of allergies.
With fungal infection of the nasal mucosa, you need to follow this treatment plan:
1. Flush the nasal cavity with saline and saline solutions.
2. Use nasal congestion drops (Phenylephrine, Oxymethazoline).
3. Apply oil drops (if the patient is not allergic to them). The best are drops of sea buckthorn, peach and the drug Pinosol.
4. If the inflammation of the mucosa has a chronic course, then glucocorticosteroids (Nazonex) may be prescribed to the patient.
5. With a hypertrophic form of inflammation, the patient is shown surgical intervention.
Also, if the inflammation of the mucosa has become chronic, then the patient is recommended to conduct physiotherapy.
If inflammation of the mucosa caused an injury, then treatment is carried out on the basis of the observed symptoms. When edema appears, cold compresses should be applied, for pain, analgesics should be prescribed.
If a person has developed nosebleeds, then he can be placed in both nostrils with dense bandage turundas soaked with healing ointments or antimicrobial solutions.
Inflammation of the nasal mucosa: treatment, complications, prevention
With the occurrence of mucosal inflammation in a mild form, you can practice alternative treatment methods, time spent. The most effective of them are:
1. Instill in the nose juice from onions and garlic in two drops. They have a strong antibacterial effect and will help get rid of germs in the nasal cavity. At the same time, the juice from these vegetables must be diluted with water in a ratio of 1: 1.
2. Instillation of juice from beets or aloe will help eliminate pathogenic bacteria and quickly relieve nasal congestion.
3. Inhaling vapors from finely chopped garlic will help to cope with the virus faster. Also, steam inhalation for the nose can be made from garlic.
4. With severe drying of the nasal membrane, it can be lubricated with oils and herbal decoctions.
5. Remedies from bay leaves are considered very effective. To prepare them, you need to pour 20 bay leaves with water and boil. The finished broth should be insisted for an hour, filtered and used for inhalation. The duration of the procedure should not exceed ten minutes. It is also important to know that you cannot take excessively deep breaths over hot steam, as this can burn the upper respiratory tract.
6. Means of chamomile. For its preparation, you should take two tablespoons of dry pharmacy chamomile and pour them with 400 ml of water. Boil and cool. Strain and apply for washing the inflamed nasal mucosa.
Before using traditional medicine recipes, it is recommended that you consult with your doctor, especially if these recipes will be used to treat children.
In the absence of timely treatment, the patient may develop the following complications:
1. Sinusitis and other inflammation of the sinuses.
2. Sinusitis.
3. Chronic nasal congestion.
4. Oxygen starvation of the brain due to lack of oxygen. This can lead to headaches, disorders in the central nervous system, impaired memory, impaired vision, etc.
5. Chronic fatigue.
6. The appearance of a chronic allergic reaction or complications from the influence of an allergen (in severe cases, the patient may develop anaphylactic shock, suffocation, etc.).
In order to prevent inflammation of the nasal mucosa, it is advisable to adhere to the following tips:
1. Timely treat the common cold, flu and runny nose.
2. If the first symptoms of inflammation appear, immediately consult a physician or ENT doctor.
3. To be tempered.
4. Eat more fruits and vegetables to boost immunity.
5. Go in for sports.
6. If you are prone to allergies, you need to take antihistamines in advance.
7. Avoid hypothermia.
8. Humidify the air.
9. When the mucous membrane dries, it must be lubricated with oils.
