Of all kidney diseases, urolithiasis, in which stones form in one or both kidneys, is one of the most common. A fairly effective way to treat it has long been considered proper nutrition. Even with medical treatment, without observing a specific diet, it is almost impossible to get rid of urolithiasis. And by changing the usual diet, and abandoning some foods, you can achieve that salts will be intensely excreted from the body.
Features of therapeutic nutrition - increased consumption or, on the contrary, the exclusion of certain products from the diet - depends on the acidity of the urine (pH) and the chemical composition of the stones. If urine has an alkaline reaction, it is necessary to prescribe such a diet so that it promotes acidification of the urine. In this case, the therapeutic diet No. 14, developed by nutrition scientist M.I. Pevzner.
Diet number 14 - description and general principles
Diet No. 14 is prescribed for patients with urolithiasis caused by an alkaline reaction of urine and precipitation of sediment in it in the form of calcium phosphorus salts (phosphaturia). In this diet, foods that have an alkalizing effect and are rich in calcium are limited to reduce the possibility of the formation of calcium salts, and increased consumption of those that promote acidification of the urine in order to adjust its acidity (pH). In increased quantities, such products as eggs, meat, fish, pasta dishes, cereals, legumes, canned vegetables, butter and vegetable oils, sugar, honey, sweets of all kinds are shown, because they favor the acidification of urine.
Excluded or sharply limited milk and its derivatives, almost all vegetables and fruits. It is allowed to use berries and fruits of acidic varieties, as well as jelly, jelly, fruit drinks, and fruit drinks from them. In order not to excite the nervous system, coffee and strong tea, alcoholic drinks, as well as products with strong sokogonnym action - pickles, strong and rich broths are excluded. It is not allowed to eat sharp and highly salted products, smoked meats.
By caloric content and the content of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, the diet of diet No. 14 corresponds to physiological norms. Energy value is approximately 2700-3000 kcal per day. Culinary processing of food - without restrictions, the temperature of the food - the usual. The daily amount of food is divided into 4-5 receptions, between which non-alkaline drinking is allowed. Rosehip infusions, cranberry and lingonberry fruit drinks are especially useful. The daily amount of fluid consumed should be at least two liters.
Diet number 14 - what foods can be consumed
1. Bread and flour products: rye, with bran, wheat, made from flour of the highest, 1st, 2nd grade, fresh or yesterday’s baked goods, inedible flour products.
2. Meat and poultry: goose, chicken, duck, rabbit, turkey, pork, lamb, beef in any form of heat treatment - fried, baked, stewed or boiled, whole piece or minced meat products, canned meat.
3. Fish: fish of fatty and lean breeds, cooked in whole or in the form of products from minced meat, fish oil, to a limited extent - not sharp canned fish.
4. Eggs: in any form - omelets, fried, soft-boiled, hard-boiled, yolks are limited.
5. Dairy products: limited to sour cream (in dishes).
6. Fats: vegetable and butter.
7. Cereals, legumes and pasta: peas, beans, any cereals and pasta without restrictions, cooked on weak broth or water.
8. Vegetables: pumpkin, green peas, asparagus, Brussels sprouts, mushrooms (limited).
9. Soups: on weak broths - meat, fish, mushroom, from noodles, cereals and legumes.
10. Fruits, sweets, sweet dishes: berries of acidic varieties - cranberries, red currants, lingonberries, jelly, stewed fruit, mousse and jelly from them, sugar, honey, other sweets in any form.
11. Spices, sauces: mild on meat, fish and mushroom broths. Spices - with restrictions.
12. Drinks: weak tea without milk, broth and rosehip juice, cocoa on water, bread kvass.
13. Snacks: caviar, soaked herring, snacks and salads from seafood, fish, meat.
Diet number 14 - what foods can not be consumed
1. Bread and flour products: products and pastries from butter pastry mixed in milk and a large number of yolks.
2. Meat and poultry: smoked - meat products and meat.
3. Fish: canned fish, smoked, salted fish.
4. Eggs: other.
5. Dairy products: cottage cheese, milk and other dairy products, cheese.
6. Fats: cooking fats and animals.
7. Cereals, legumes and pasta: cooked in milk.
8. Vegetables: canned vegetables, pickles, vegetable salads, potatoes, other vegetables.
9. Soups: on strong breads and broths, dairy, vegetable.
10. Fruits, sweets, sweet dishes: other fruits, berries, ice cream, sweet products in milk.
11. Spices, sauces: mustard, horseradish, pepper, other hot seasonings and sauces.
12. Drinks: juices - fruit and berry, coffee, alkaline mineral waters, alcoholic drinks.
13. Snacks: canned snacks, jelly (aspic), smoked meats.
Diet number 14 - examples of the menu
Monday
Breakfast (first): buckwheat porridge friable, two soft-boiled eggs, bread, butter, weak tea.
Breakfast (second): rosehip infusion.
Lunch: soup with meat and pasta, fried fish, white sauce, boiled rice, cranberry juice.
Dinner: pancakes (on water) with jam, a slice of boiled meat, crust, tea with lemon.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Tuesday
Breakfast (first): pumpkin porridge with rice, scrambled eggs, green tea.
Breakfast (second): sour apples.
Lunch: noodle soup with chicken, fried meatballs, barley porridge, spicy gravy, cocoa on the water.
Dinner: pilaf with meat, bagel, bread kvass.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Wednesday
Breakfast (first): navy pasta, bread and butter, cocoa on the water.
Breakfast (second): inedible cookies, cranberry jelly.
Lunch: pumpkin soup puree, beef roast, wheat porridge, redcurrant compote.
Dinner: chicken meat with mushrooms, baked in sauce, puff with jam, weak tea with lemon.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Thursday
Breakfast (first): pancakes (on the water) with honey, scrambled eggs, cocoa on the water.
Breakfast (second): cranberry jelly
Lunch: cereal soup with chicken meat, fried or steam cutlets, boiled rice, gravy, stewed dogwood.
Dinner: mashed green peas, fried fish, inedible cookies, weak tea.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Friday
Breakfast (first): a salad of boiled eggs and green peas, a slice of boiled meat, cocoa on the water.
Breakfast (second): sour apples.
Lunch: Fish soup (from fresh fish or canned fish), fried pork chops, boiled pasta, gravy or sauce, lingonberry broth decoction.
Dinner: fish or seafood salad, dry sponge cake with jam, tea with lemon.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Saturday
Breakfast (first): sweet pumpkin porridge with rice (on water), a ham sandwich, a boiled egg, a weak tea with lemon.
Breakfast (second): cranberry juice
Lunch: mushroom soup puree (with the addition of sour cream), boiled turkey (or beef) meat with lingonberry sauce, wheat porridge, bread kvass.
Dinner: pasta casserole with meat, soaked herring, cupcake, tea with lemon.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Sunday
Breakfast (first): semolina porridge (on water) with honey or jam, a sandwich with caviar and butter, tea with lemon.
Breakfast (second): sweets (marmalade, caramel, toffee)
Lunch: noodle soup on mushroom broth, braised beef with gravy, loose buckwheat porridge, pumpkin pancakes with honey, a decoction of sour dried fruits.
Dinner: fried chicken legs, green peas, boiled pasta, sauce, meringue cake, weak tea.
At night: rosehip infusion.
Diet number 14 - useful tips and reviews
When deciding to adhere to therapeutic nutrition, do not forget that in any business, even such as following a diet, a reasonable approach is necessary. No need to take everything literally or go to extremes. For example, if patients with urolithiasis additionally suffer from atherosclerosis or obesity, do not get too carried away with sweets, butter or fatty meats. It is better to limit their number or replace with other, more lean or less high-calorie foods.
The duration of the therapeutic diet is set by the doctor, who, according to the results of the tests, controls the acidity of the patient's urine. The effectiveness of the diet will be noticeable in restoring the acid-base balance of urine, dissolving and washing out existing ones from the kidneys and slowed down growth of new stones, as they are left without "building material".
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